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"Beef for Dogs," "Beef Dinner for Dogs," or "Dog Food with Beef"

might all sound like pretty much the same thing. In fact, these

products could have between 3% to 95% beef content, depending on

the exact wording of the product name!





If you want to make sure you're paying for the product you

really want, take a minute to familiarize yourself with the

rules that govern pet food labeling.





The "95%" Rule





According to regulations enforced by the U.S. Food and Drug

Administration, a product with a simple same like "Beef for

Dogs" or "Chicken for Cats" must contain at least "95%"of the

named ingredient, not counting the water added for processing

and "condiments." Counting the added water, the named ingredient

still must comprise a full 70% of the product. As in human food

labeling, the ingredient lists are ranked by the weight of each

item in the package, from the largest amount to the smallest. So

in these products, "beef" or "tuna" should be the first

ingredient listed, followed often by water, and then other items

like vitamins and minerals.







The 25% Rule





The "25%" or "dinner" rule applies to many pet food products.

This permits manufacturers to reduce the named ingredient to

only 25% of the overall product, by simply adding a descriptive

word - such as "platter," "dinner," "entrée," "formula," or

"nuggets" - to the name of the product. In other words, "Tuna

for Cats," is required to contain 95% tuna. But "Tuna Dinner for

Cats" might contain only 25% tuna!





The 3% or "With" Rule





The next tier is for product names like "Dog Food WITH Beef," or

"Cat Food WITH Chicken." Using the word "with" means the product

might only have 3% of the named ingredient. This can create a

very confusing situation for the consumer. For example, a can of

"Cat Food with Tuna" could be easily confused with a can of

"Tuna Cat Food." But the latter example would contain at least

95% tuna, and the first needs only 3%. The lesson for the

consumer is to read labels carefully before purchase to ensure

you're buying the product you really want.







The "Flavor" Rule





Finally, under the "flavor" rule, a specific percentage is not

required, but a product must contain an amount sufficient to be

able to be detected. There are specific test methods, using

animals trained to prefer specific flavors, which can be used to

confirm this claim. In the example of "Beef Flavor Dog Food,"

the word "flavor" must appear on the label in the same size,

style and color as the word "beef." The corresponding ingredient

may be beef, but more often it is another substance that will

give the characterizing flavor, such as beef meal or beef

by-products. In conclusion, understanding these rules about pet

food names will make you a more informed shopper. It might make

the difference between finding a product you really want, and

one that you wouldn't accept if it was offered for free.





About the author:



Peter Genua is publisher of the Holistic Pet Companion web site,

dedicated to natural, holistic care for animals and companions.

Visit at http://holisticpetcompanion.com.

Peter GenuaHow to Interpret Pet Food Labels

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